What concept encompasses the idea that individuals could improve their social and economic status through hard work?

The concept of social mobility refers to the ability for individuals to change their social and economic position within a society. This notion emphasizes that through personal effort, education, and hard work, individuals can elevate their status and improve their circumstances. This idea has been a significant aspect of the American ethos, particularly during the periods of rapid economic growth and social change in the history of the United States.

In contrast, class struggle refers to the conflict between different classes in society, typically between the working class and the ruling class, emphasizing social divisions rather than individual advancement. Relative status points to how an individual's status is perceived in relation to others, rather than focusing on personal improvement. Hereditary aristocracy is a system where social status is determined by lineage and inherited wealth, inherently limiting the possibility of mobility based on personal accomplishments. In this context, social mobility stands out as the most relevant concept describing the potential for individuals to elevate their social and economic standing through their own efforts.