What geographical feature significantly influenced settlement in New England?

The correct answer highlights the significant impact of rocky soil and a harsh climate on settlement patterns in New England. The region's geography is characterized by its challenging agricultural conditions, with rocky terrain and a short growing season that limited the types of crops that could be cultivated. This harsh environment led early settlers to adapt by focusing on industries such as fishing, shipbuilding, and trade, rather than solely on agriculture.

As a result, the settlers in New England turned toward the sea for their livelihoods, which eventually led to the development of prosperous port cities. The environmental limitations also fostered a community-oriented approach, as families and towns relied more on cooperative efforts to survive and thrive within the constraints posed by their geographical conditions. Understanding this helps to clarify why New England developed a different economic and social structure compared to other regions, such as the agricultural South.