What was John Peter Zenger best known for in relation to freedom of speech?

John Peter Zenger is best known for being charged with libel against a colonial governor, specifically William Cosby of New York. This case, which took place in 1735, became a foundational moment in the history of freedom of speech and the press in America. Zenger published articles in his newspaper that criticized Governor Cosby's administration and corruption. When he was arrested and put on trial for seditious libel, the key issue was whether or not he had committed libel by publishing the statements against a government official.

Zenger's attorney argued that truth should be a defense against libel charges, asserting that the allegations made were true and thus protected under the principle of free speech. The jury ultimately acquitted Zenger, a verdict that set a pivotal precedent for the freedom of the press, illustrating that criticism of government officials could be lawfully justified if true. This case laid the groundwork for later interpretations of the First Amendment rights in the United States, highlighting the importance of a free press in holding government accountable.