Which colony was founded as a result of a dissenting voice challenging the established Puritan authority?

Rhode Island was founded as a direct response to dissent against Puritan authority. In the early 17th century, the Puritan community in Massachusetts Bay was known for its strict religious orthodoxy and intolerance of differing beliefs. One of the most notable dissenters was Roger Williams, who advocated for the separation of church and state and criticized the Puritan leaders for their heavy-handed governance and treatment of Native Americans.

Williams' ideas were seen as radical at the time, leading to his banishment from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1636, he established Providence Plantations, which later became part of Rhode Island, as a refuge for those seeking religious freedom. This colony was notable for its commitment to separation of church and state, as well as its welcoming attitude toward different religious beliefs, including Quakers and Jews, which was quite progressive for that era.

While Pennsylvania was also founded on principles of religious tolerance by William Penn, it was not primarily a result of dissenting Puritan authority but rather founded as a Quaker haven. Virginia and New Netherland do not reflect the same dissent from Puritan authority, as Virginia was dominated by Anglican beliefs and New Netherland was primarily a Dutch settlement with its own religious practices. Thus, Rhode Island stands