Who was appointed to govern the Dominion of New England?

Sir Edmund Andros was appointed to govern the Dominion of New England, which was established in 1686 by King James II. The Dominion was created to consolidate several colonies in New England into a single administrative unit under direct royal control, effectively diminishing the autonomy that these individual colonies had previously enjoyed.

Andros, as the governor, enforced a number of policies that alienated colonists, including strict regulation of trade, the enforcement of the Anglican Church, and the revocation of many local charters. His heavy-handed governance ultimately contributed to significant unrest, leading to the Glorious Revolution in England in 1688 and the subsequent dissolution of the Dominion in 1691.

The other choices do have historical significance but do not pertain directly to the governance of the Dominion. William and Mary were significant for their role in the subsequent constitutional monarchy after the Glorious Revolution. John Locke was a philosopher whose ideas influenced political thought but was not involved in the governance of New England. James II was the king who initiated the creation of the Dominion but appointed Andros to lead it. Hence, Andros is the correct answer in the context of governance.